King of England :
John 1199-1216
Henry III 1216-72
Background information :
The rebellion of William Braose II and Llywelyn ap Iorwerth ended by 1211 with Iorwerth forced into submission by King John. Braose, after fleeing the country in 1210 had died abroad. During 1211 Madoc ap Maelgyn declared independence for Maelienydd, an act which resulted in the execution of him and other family members at Bridgnorth in 1212. Another rebellion involving the Braose family and Llywelyn ap Iorwerth developed from 1213, with Reginald Braose, brother of William attempting to regain the family estates. In 1215 their forces took back New Radnor and much of the Braoses former territory in the S. They installed a Welsh leader, Gwallter ap Einion Clud to control these lands. This period had seen the constant threat of invasion from France and this plus Royal campaigns on the continent had

stripped the Mortimer lands of men and resources to aid the Crown. The estates had passed to Hugh (II) after the death of Roger in 1214. Iorwerth and Braose took the opportunity to march in and seized Norton and Knighton. 1215 saw a victory for all the rebellious Barons with Johns signing of the Magna Carta. He returned to Royal fealty in 1216 and set about dealing with the situation in the Marches. Gwallter was confirmed in Elfael and with his loyalty thus won John marched N to deal with Braose and Iorwerth. He found New Radnor abandoned by Braose and burnt it to the ground. A short time later John died and was succeeded by his 9 year old son Henry (III). In 1218 Braose and Iorwerth came to terms with the new king and the Braose lands were restored. Knighton and Norton were granted back to Hugh Mortimer although Iorwerth refused to move out until 1230. Fighting now flared between Braose and Iorwerth.